History of Bosnian Muslims in Bosnia-Herzegovina Essay

History of Bosnian Muslims in Bosnia-Herzegovina - Essay Example The Bosnian domain lost its freedom to the Ottoman Kingdom in 1436. It obtained its name Bosnia and Herzegovina as an impact of an abrupt difference in political occasions. The Austro-Hungarian domain authoritatively took over Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1908 to make a Greater Serbia. This touched off the flares of the Serbs which made them revolt and in the end prompted the death of the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand. This death additionally was the purpose for World War I.1 The Kingdom of Yugoslavia added Bosnia after the First World War. From 1941-1945, Bosnia was a piece of the Independent State of Croatia. Despite the fact that being a piece of Croatia, the Partisan had enormous piece of Bosnia under its influence. After this course of events, Bosnia and Herzegovina turned into a government republic constituent of Yugoslavia.2 Bosnia and Herzegovina at long last reported its autonomy in 1992 after its division with Yugoslavia. Be that as it may, because of this announcement of autonomy, numerous Bosnian Serbs went facing it which came about to a grisly war. The 1995 Dayton Agreement was built up which expressed Bosnia and Herzegovina being made out of two constituent domains †the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the The local individuals of Bosnia communicate in the Bosnian language. This just has slight contrast from the Serbian or Croatian language. This slight contrast is noticeable recorded as a hard copy and sentence structure yet the people’s slang (everyday) is the equivalent with the Croats and the Serbs. In spite of the fact that the language has various orientalisms and Germaninsms, this doesn’t limit influence the correspondence of various individuals in the land. 4Due the land circumstance of Bosnia, being at the center of Serbia and Croatia, the language utilized isn't so not the same as the neighboring domains encompassing Bosnia. Begovica was the principal content in Bosnia. This was a relative of the Cyrillic content which was utilized in the whole district. The subsequent content was the Arabica which was a rendition of the Arabic content.

Cosmetic Surgery: The Cure for Low Self- Esteem? Or are the Risks too r

How to Write Criterion Essay Topics

How to Write Criterion Essay TopicsCriterion Essay topics will be one of the main things that you should consider when it comes to writing your goal based essay. Of course, it is always better to write a composition essay that is more challenging than it might seem. If you follow the steps below, you will know how to make it even easier for yourself.First of all, the main criteria that you need to consider when it comes to selecting the essay topic that you will be writing is to try to find a topic that fits your overall aim in life. You have to come up with something that can inspire you to want to pursue your aim in life. This will enable you to turn the thesis that you are trying to write into an article that you can use as your ultimate purpose in life.Once you have identified a specific purpose in life, you can then start finding out what things could help you attain this aim. Remember that in order to be able to make an effective essay topic for your goal-based essay, you shoul d at least know about the topic that you will be writing about. That is the first step towards your success.There are many ways to go about choosing criterion essay topics. You can look for books or browse through the internet for ideas. There are many websites that provide you with criteria topics as well.Once you know about the idea of criterion essay topics, you can actually begin to choose what types of topics you would like to write about. There are many of these sites that offer sample articles which you can use as your reference.Personal note for the audience: As a professional writer, it is important that you understand how important it is for you to consider your readers. It is important that your topics should be closely related to the topic that your readers are most interested in.Make sure that the information that you will be putting in the article is comprehensible to your readers. People love to read information that is very interesting and that they can easily unders tand. Hence, make sure that the information you are going to provide in your article is very detailed.When you are trying to write the final essay, you should make sure that you have enough material from which you can make use in the criteria essay topics that you have prepared. By doing this, you will be able to write an essay that has the purpose that you wanted it to.

Black Soldiers in the Civil War - 964 Words

The Fight for Equal Rights: Black Soldiers in the Civil War Historical Background Once let the black man get upon his person the brass letter, U.S., let him get an eagle on his button, and a musket on his shoulder and bullets in his pocket, there is no power on earth that can deny that he has earned the right to citizenship. Ââ€"Frederick Douglass The issues of emancipation and military service were intertwined from the onset of the Civil War. News from Fort Sumter set off a rush by free black men to enlist in U.S. military units. They were turned away, however, because a Federal law dating from 1792 barred Negroes from bearing arms for the U.S. army (although they had served in the American Revolution and in the War of 1812). In†¦show more content†¦The July 1863 assault on Fort Wagner, SC, in which the 54th Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers lost two-thirds of their officers and half of their troops, was memorably dramatized in the film Glory. By wars end, 16 black soldiers had been awarded the Medal of Honor for their valor. In addition to the perils of war faced by all Civil War soldiers, black soldiers faced additional problems stemming from racial prejudice. Racial discrimination was prevalent even in the North, and discriminatory practices permeated the U.S. military. Segregated units were formed with black enlisted men and typically commanded by white officers and black noncommissioned officers. The 54th Massachusetts was commanded by Robert Shaw and the 1st South Carolina by Thomas Wentworth HigginsonÂâ€"both white. Black soldiers were initially paid $10 per month from which $3 was automatically deducted for clothing, resulting in a net pay of $7. In contrast, white soldiers received $13 per month from which no clothing allowance was drawn. In June 1864 Congress granted equal pay to the U.S. Colored Troops and made the action retroactive. Black soldiers received the same rations and supplies. In addition, they received comparable medical care. The black troops, however, faced greater peril than white troops when captured by the Confederate Army. In 1863 the Confederate Congress threatened to punish severely officers of black troops and to enslave black soldiers. As a result, President LincolnShow MoreRelatedWomen in Civil War1004 Words   |  5 PagesWomen, Slaves, and Free Blacks in the Civil War What roles did the Northern women play in the war effort on the Union side during the Civil War? What roles did the Southern women play in the war effort on the Confederate side during the Civil War? How did the war affect each group? â€Å"There were just shy of 400 documented cases of women who served as soldiers during the Civil War, according to the records of the Sanitary Commission.† (Brown, 2012) Women during the 19th century, according toRead MoreAfrican American Soldiers During The Civil War902 Words   |  4 Pages10 10 April 2015 African American Soldiers African-Americans served in the Civil War on both the Union and Confederate sides. In the Union Army, over 179,000 African American men served in over 160 units. More served with both the Union and Confederate units. This includes both northern free African Americans and runaway slaves from the South who enlisted to fight. By 1865, the South allowed slaves to enlist, but very few actually did. During the Civil War, blacks were treated like trash comparedRead MoreAlly Bireley. Mr. Cone. Apush - 1St. 24 February 2017.1427 Words   |  6 PagesSoldier’s Tale Amongst almost 3 million Civil War soldiers, over 600,000 lost their lives defending their notions of freedom and liberty in America. Approximately two-thirds of these soldiers, nonetheless, died from disease rather than wounds received on the battlefield. Lack of efficient medicine and health care caused much more impacting damage, as well as scarce, not up-to-date resources, and social divisions between the soldiers. Typically, an average Civil War soldier could expect to face extreme hardshipsRead More Black Militia’s Formation Essay example1580 Words   |  7 Pagesof slavery and state’s rights, the Louisiana black militia’s formation and involvement during the Civil War was not one without strife. The Union and Confederacy were both divergent in issues regarding the black population. It was only innate the black population would assist in the struggle which would determine their future to be free from subrogation. In order to review the history of the Civil War, it is only practical to view the involvement of black men during this struggle. James G. HollandsworthRead MoreGlory Movie Analysis Essay636 Words   |  3 Pagesactions on the black troops. At the beginning of the Civil War, African Americans were not allowed to serve in the U.S. military. By the summer of 1862 it was clear that additional troops were needed. To meet the need, Congress passed two bills that allowed the participation of black soldiers in the Union Army. The Government established segregated units called The Bureau of Colored Troops. The measure lacked popular support and the U.S. Army did not begin recruiting black soldiers until 1863. OneRead MoreThe Civil War : The United States909 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil War was one of the most pivotal and significant moments in the history of the United States of America. Therefore, its impact of the Civil War was tremendous, and in many ways has shaped the way the United States has evolved into the present. The Civil War brought lots of beneficial changes to America including economic, agriculture, military, and people’s lives. During the Civil War, women stepped out of their domestic domains to help or support their husbands in the field, or other soldiersRead MoreThe Segregation Of Black Soldiers996 Words   |  4 Pagesbecame a symbol of hope for black people, who for many years were subjected to the maltreatment and prejudices by their fellow man. This was evident in the inequalities of black soldiers within the Union army, in which it was still commonly complacent during the Civil War. The Union’s practices of denying black soldiers the opportunity of a commission as an officer, paying them less than their fellow white counterparts, allowing them to face harsher treatment as prisoners of war and most profoundly wasRead MoreThe Battle Of Fort Wagner1421 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican-American unit in the Civil War) Note: The Battle of Fort Wagner - exemplifies the greatest contributions of Black soldiers during the Civil War o Displayed extreme heroism in assault on Fort Wagner on Morris Island, South Carolina, in July 1863 †¢ â€Å". . . In the face of heavy odds, black troops had proved once again their courage, determination, and willingness to die for the freedom of their race† McPherson, â€Å"The Negro’s Civil War† (pages 192-195) o Many causalities – black soldiers repeatedly riskedRead More Buffalo Soldiers in the West Essay1146 Words   |  5 PagesBuffalo Soldiers in the West Throughout American history, African Americans haven’t had too much say in whether or not they belonged in the United States or not. Slavery without a doubt had a great impact upon their decisions. However, despite their troubles, African Americans have paid their dues and have made an impact on our armed forces since the Revolutionary War. African Americans have fought to preserve the rights for Americans, as well as having to fight the war within their very own countryRead MoreThe Battle Of The American Civil War1140 Words   |  5 Pagesthe famous American Civil War began, citizens from all over the United states fought against one another. The war pitted brother against brother in a fight primarily over the freedom of slaves. The majority of soldiers in the Civil War were white especially those serving the southern regiments, however African Americans served as well. The black regiments of the military during the civil were successful and essential. These African American s were referred to as Buffalo Soldiers, a name given to them

Cosmos Episode 4 Viewing Worksheet

The Fox television series Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson is an excellent way for students at the high school and even middle school level to supplement their learning on various science topics. With episodes that cover almost all of the major disciplines in science, teachers are able to use these shows along with their curriculum to make the topics more accessible and even exciting for learners of all levels. Cosmos Episode 4 was mostly focused on Astronomy topics, including star formation and death and black holes. There are also some great illustrations about the effects of gravity. It would be a nice addition to an Earth or Space Science class or even Physics classes that touch on the study of Astronomy as a supplement to the students learning. Teachers need to have a way to assess whether a student is paying attention and learning during a video. Lets face it, if you turn the lights down and have soothing music, it is easy to doze off or daydream. Hopefully, the questions below will help keep the students on task and allow teachers to assess whether or not they understood and were paying attention. The questions can be copy-and-pasted into a worksheet and modified to fit the needs of the class. Cosmos Episode 4 Worksheet Name:___________________ Directions: Answer the questions as you watch episode 4 of Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey 1.  What does William Herschel mean when he tells his son there is a â€Å"sky full of ghosts†? 2.  How fast does light travel in space? 3.  Why do we see the Sun rise before it is over the horizon? 4.  How far away is Neptune from the Earth (in light hours)? 5.  How long would it take the Voyager Spacecraft to reach the nearest star in our galaxy? 6.  Using the idea of how fast light travels, how do scientists know our universe is older than 6500 years? 7.  How far away from Earth is the center of the Milky Way Galaxy? 8.  How far away is the oldest galaxy we’ve ever discovered? 9.  Why does no one know what happened before the Big Bang? 10.  How long after the Big Bang did it take for stars to form? 11.  Who discovered field forces that act on us even when we’re not touching other objects? 12.  How fast do waves move through space, as calculated by James Maxwell? 13.  Why did Einstein’s family move from Germany to Northern Italy? 14.  What two things did the book Einstein read as a kid discuss on the first page? 15.  What did Einstein call the â€Å"rules† that must be obeyed when traveling at high speeds? 16.  What is the name of the man Neil deGrasse Tyson calls â€Å"one of the greatest scientists you’ve probably never heard of† and what did he discover? 17.  What happened to the fire hydrant when it was exposed to 100,000g? 18.  What is the name of the first black hole ever discovered and how did we â€Å"see† it? 19.  Why does Neil deGrasse Tyson call black holes the â€Å"subway system of the Universe†? 20.  If getting sucked into a black hole could cause an explosion similar to the Big Bang, what would be in the center of that black hole? 21.  What type of â€Å"time travel† did John Herschel invent? 22.  What is the date that Neil deGrasse Tyson met Carl Sagan in Ithaca, New York?

Over The Past Decades The Fourth Amendment Of The United

Over the past decades The Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution has been very controversial. One of the most debated issues in the courts and among civilians, with regards to the Fourth Amendment, is finding a precise and clear description of what is permissible by law, and also provides individuals their rights, and assures that law enforcement uses proper discretion. The median personnel in all cases involve law enforcement agencies. Generally speaking, if there is a court cases dealing with the Fourth Amendment, there was an initial incident that included law enforcement, such as a police or sheriff. Every law enforcement officer is also required to ensure that they comply with the law and uphold Police Civil†¦show more content†¦The framework for the United States Fourth Amendment was clearly modeled from the Writs of Assistance. Now looking at the Fourth Amendment it states the following: â€Å"Amendment IV (1791)- The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.† (United States Senate) In easier terms, the fourth Amendment was written to protect people from unreasonable searches and seizures, and if a search or seizure was reasonable government was now required to have a warrant issued from the courts in order to do so. In order for the courts to issue a warrant to search, which is usually a person’s home, or car, or even their work place, there must be probable cause. Probable cause must be â€Å"supported by evidence strong enough to establish presumption† according to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary. For example, if the court’s issue a warrant to search an individual’s they must lay details out on why and what can be searched. There are some exceptions when it pertains to search and seizure where law enforcement is not always required to get a warrant. If a warrant issued by the courts states that they willShow MoreRelatedThe Rights And Civil Liberties1558 Words   |  7 Pageslimits on government power. These rights are known as the Bill of Rights; the first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution. One right in particular I want to discuss is the Fourth Amendment. The Fourth Amendment is known as the right against â€Å"unreasonable search and seizures.† It is the basis of the law with regards to stop-and-frisk, search warrants, wiretaps, and other forms of surveillance. This Amendment states that â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers,Read MoreThe Second Amendment And The Fourth Amendment1384 Words   |  6 Pagesinfringement of the fourth. Using the lessons learned from history, the framers of the constitutions created the fourth amendment, which protects from unreasonable searches, and the fifth amendment, which prevents a person from incriminating himself or herself, to create a government with just laws, but with the advancement in technology, the fourth amendment needs to expand its policies to fit the changes in modern society. Drawing from lessons of history, the framers created the Fifth Amendment which protectsRead MoreDigital Data And The Internet1611 Words   |  7 Pagesnecessary. We owe enough of the privacy we have experienced in the past to a combination of immature technology and insufficient labor to monitor us. But these protective inabilities are giving way to efficiency technologies of data processing and digital surveillance that threaten to eliminate our privacy. Already we are traced by our credit card transactions, our cell phone calls, and our passes through the fast lanes at toll booths. The United States runs on laws set up by the government and the citizensRead MoreInvasion Of Citizens Privacy On Digital Data1620 Words   |  7 Pagesinevitable. We owe much of the privacy we have enjoyed in the past to a combination of immature technology and insufficient manpower to monitor us. But these protective inefficiencies are giving way to efficiency technologies of data processing and digi tal surveillance that threaten to eliminate our privacy. Already we are tracked by our credit card transactions, our passes through the fast lanes at toll booths, our cell phone calls. The United States runs on laws set up by the government and the citizensRead MoreUsing Digital Data Or Digital Information1727 Words   |  7 Pagesinevitable. We owe much of the privacy we have enjoyed in the past to a combination of immature technology and insufficient manpower to monitor us. But these protective inefficiencies are giving way to efficiency technologies of data processing and digital surveillance that threaten to eliminate our privacy. Already we are tracked by our credit-card transactions, our passes through the fast lanes at toll booths, our cell phone calls. The United States runs on laws put in place by the government and theRead MorePrivacy And The Privacy Of The United States1501 Words   |  7 Pages In today’s day and age, privacy and keeping what belongs to you private, is a very sensitive yet important matter. Luckily, in the Bill of Rights there is a Fourth Amendment right to privacy and improper search and seizer. There are also many court cases that prove why that the right to privacy matters and plays a key role in our society. Another new major problem is that of wiretapping. The government will listen in on the phone calls of citizens, go through their internet searches, and read theirRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1593 Words   |  7 PagesThe Constitution of the United States was signed on the 17th of September in 1787. The delegates who signed the document were the delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. The Convention was presided over by George Washington. It was the Constitut ion of the United States that established the national government and certain basic fundamental laws apart from guaranteeing some basic rights to the citizens of the United States. The first Constitution of the United States was the ArticlesRead MorePrivacy Lost By David Holtzman1386 Words   |  6 Pages Just as the freedom of the press is backed up by the first amendment, our right to privacy is also protected by the fourth amendment-at least that was what I thought. In his book, â€Å"Privacy Lost,† David Holtzman elucidates that many Americans are under the impression that the law protects their right to privacy; when in fact, â€Å"the word privacy doesn’t even appear in the Constitution-not once† (93). This is what the Fourth Amendment actually states, â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in theirRead MorePolice Brutality1314 Words   |  6 Pages Police brutality Those of the minority community have been subjected, for many decades, to violence by those in law enforcement in the United States. This type of violence is a direct depiction of police brutality, which often leads to death. Police brutality has been an issue for many years, and it remains a major concern for those of the minority community. Over the past five centuries, black people have endured violence in many different ways. Today, police officers use deadly, excessive forceRead MoreAn Effective Purpose For Special Interest Groups And Public Business Affairs1383 Words   |  6 Pagesserve an effective purpose of advocating for special interest groups and in public business affairs. There are circumstances in which these types of briefs could be needed to represent a client more effectively, such as when appearing before the United States Supreme Court (White). A group will utilize the amicus brief as a way to lobby the courts. These briefs serve a purpose of advising the court in terms of policy ramifications and problems from a particular interest group’s stance, all while

Wine Regions In New Zealand In Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Wine Regions In New Zealand In Management? Answer: Introduction The paper discusses the wine industry research and increasing interest in wine tourism. New Zealand welcomes tourists to its premium collection of wine tour experience designed specifically for international whole sale and agents. The paper discusses the main stakeholders in Marlborough, New Zealands largest wine region, especially famous for its strikingly pungent Sauvignon Blanc. According to MDC (Marlborough District Council) and DM (Destination Marlborough), Marlborough is worlds Sauvignon Blanc capital (Richard J Jeffery, 2017). Also, the Wine Marlborough Festival is celebrated on February each year in this region. Stakeholders in Marlborough There are external and internal stakeholders in an industry. Matthew Wilkins is an industry stakeholder. Internal Stakeholders: Internal stakeholders are already a part of the respective organization and are working for them occupying a post such as staff, board members, volunteers, and donors. MDC and DM are the major stakeholders of the Marlborough tourism industry. MDC is the responsible facilitator of the Marlborough tourism industry (Richard J Jeffery, 2017). MDC has been trying its best to bring about an economic growth spurt via the tourism industry in Marlborough. And it has also been quite effective in its attempts. The organization is also responsible for providing strategic guidance to any area that needs some radical changes. MDC also works towards making Marlborough more attractive by initiating several provisions such as the Marlborough Smart Connected Visitor Economy Growth Plan (MSCVEGP) (Richard J Jeffery, 2017). DM is also adequately funded by MDC. Several collaborative deeds have been undergone for results and are still being pursued. MDC deals with the wine production and is also responsi ble for proper disposal of the waste with the increase in production. Pollution control issues are also considered by MDC (Richard J Jeffery, 2017). The other internal stakeholders are the labourers, employees, and the top management of the vineyard owners. They are responsible for coordination with government authorities, production, and sales and advertising in order to increase sales as well as attract tourists (Hall R. D., Kirkpatrick Irene, Mitchell Morag, 2005). External Stakeholders: External stakeholders generally include the tourist communities, partners and the customers. They are directly impacted by the wine industry as most tourists in Marlborough are looking forward to it. The partners of the wine industry are not responsible but the failures and successes of the industry affect them no less. Recently, the visitor strategy group (VSG) has brought about some visible results (Richard J Jeffery, 2017). Collaborations: Collaboration between stakeholders and other conventional industries have brought about undeniable results in the Marlborough tourism. The combination of the following facilities has brought about some solid results: Marlborough Convention Centre owned by MDC (Richard J Jeffery, 2017) ASB Theatre Marlborough supported by MDC (Richard J Jeffery, 2017) Clubs of Marlborough It is essential to work together for success in any industry. The convention bureau gives a hand in helping others work as a pack. According to the CEO of the convention initiatives, its needed to do the hunting in a pack. The Trade Partners Group consists of at least 25 companies who work towards the same goal. Similarly, collaboration with hotels has also resulted in the increase in the tourism market (Dodd H. Tim, 1995). The tourists come to know about the various wine yards which pique their particular interests and thus add as an attraction the market. Also, putting up an advertisement in flights and other transports result in making the tourists aware of Marlborough as an attractive tourism destination is not expensive. Sometimes the vineyards allow free entry to visitors. And it is always interesting to visit a vineyard especially when in Marlborough the city of good wine (Jon D. Anderson, Gregory V. Jones, Andrew Tait, et al., 2012). Marlboroughs total GDP in 2017 has been $2596 million in return for regional tourism spend of $356million. Regional tourism spend contributes around 4.85% of New Zealands GDP (Sharon L. Forbes Joanna Fountain, 2009). The collaboration mostly includes the major stakeholders. Thus, as a result the small stakeholders often feel left out. This brings the industry to the point of needing additional financial resources in order to set up a small operators trade partner coordinator. This will also help in moving one more step towards the vision. It may be a good idea to sell the collaborative approach of Marlborough to Melbournians and also it can be considered as a key strategic action (Sharon L. Forbes Joanna Fountain, 2009). The major barriers hindering the tourism industry in Marlborough are as follows: The high cost when it comes to flights and transport. Cook Strait. Absence of required accommodation services resulting in closure of major venues. Gateway effect Lack of awareness within the general community regarding visitor stratagem. Other vineyards and put offers such as visit of other vineyard are free. Companies tend to cluster, forming critical masses in one place, to take advantage of synergies to increase productivity, a higher pace of innovation and possibilities of becoming more competitive (Fernanda A. Gracia, Martin G. Marchetta, Mauricio Camargo, Laure Morel, Raymundo Q., Forradellas, 2012). The New Zealand Ministry of Tourism categorizes tourism into four groups, free independent travelers, semi-independent travelers, package travelers and tour groups. These are developed for the sake of stakeholders in Marlborough (Thomas, 2013). Sustainability Tourist experience has attracted from many visitors. Visiting countries for the spread of winery has satisfied people. Visitor behavior is a very popular research topic. The issue of word of mouth is used by many researchers. Wine grapes are not indigenous to New Zealand. The first grapes was planted by Samuel Marsden in the Bay of Islands, with the vines which were brought from New South Wales, Australia. The wine industry is now a vital contributor to New Zealand. Wine tourism has received increasing attention and emphasis on value from government, industry and academic. The main reason behind the wine sales in New Zealand wineries are boutique. Conclusion: Unlike most areas wine tourism is located in rural areas. Hence tourism plays an important role in the rural areas particularly in areas of vineyards. Generally wine visitor are domestic visitors, the result of study may not be accurate (Daniel J. Flint, Susan L. Golicic, 2009). New Zealand winery visitation is more common among domestic visitors in 2008. The stakeholders duty is to advertise not only for domestic visitors but also international visitors to develop their business. It is their responsibility to grow their winery. References Flint Daniel, Golicic L. Susan, (2009). Searching for competitive advantage through sustainability: A qualitative study in the New Zealand wine industry. International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management, Vol. 39 Issue: 10, pp.841-860. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1108/09600030911011441 Tim H. Don (1995). Opportunities and Pitfalls of Tourism in a developing wine industry. International Journal of Wine Marketing, Vol. 7, Issue.1, pp. 5-16. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1108/eb008636 Fernanda A. Gracia, Martin G. Marchetta, Mauricio Camargo, Laure Morel, Raymundo Q., Forradellas (2012). A framework for measuring logistics performance in the wine industry. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 135, Issue. 1, pp. 284-298. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.ijpe.2011.08.003 Hall R. D., Kirkpatrick Irene, Mitchell Morag (2005). Rural Tourism and Sustainable Business. Channel View Publications. Pp. 12-65. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=YiO9fei5TuICoi=fndpg=PA149dq=Stakeholders+in+Wine+industry+Australiaots=cZt6wqslrAsig=qUe5D8JUaWUrycDXN85Vfne9cg8#v=onepageq=Stakeholders%20in%20Wine%20industry%20Australiaf=false Anderson D. Jon, Jones Gregory V.,Tait Andrew, et al. (2012). Analysis of viticulture region climate structure and suitability in New Zealand. Journal International de sciences, Vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 34-69. Retrieved from: https://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2012.46.3.1515 Thomas Rhodri (2013). Small firms in tourism. Routledge, Business and Economics. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Fb8APFghLJYCdq=stakeholders+in+wine+industry+new+Zealandlr=source=gbs_navlinks_s Anon, (2017). [online] Available at: https://www.marlborough.govt.nz/repository/libraries/id:1w1mps0ir17q9sgxanf9/hierarchy/Documents/Your%20Council/DestinationMarketingReviewMarlborough.pdf [Accessed 9 Aug. 2017]. Forbes Sharon L. Fountain Joanna (2009). Consumer attitudes regarding environmentally sustainable wine: an exploratory study of the New Zealand marketplace. Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 17, Issue 13, pp. 1195-1199. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2009.04.008

Higher Education History, Trends and Challenges

Free Essays on Henry David Thoreau And “Walden”

Henry David Thoreau writes â€Å"Walden† with the intention of arousing emotion and making his fellow men and readers aware of themselves and the world that surrounds them. He wants to reach us on a number of different levels. He wants to reach his readers on a spiritual, emotional, and intellectual level. He wants to wake up his fellow readers and ignite their consciousness. He does this by focusing on trends and beliefs that he finds in Concord in his time, that ironically are very telling of our time. Thoreau focuses on the mainstream idea of the â€Å"American Dream† and openly criticizes it and its impact on society. Thoreau tells us that the less we have the better off we will be. He tells the audience that wealth only hinders one as a person because it traps that person into a sort of inverse ownership. For example, he begins talking about shelter. Thoreau recognizes that a person needs shelter and so they must seek a shelter that requires the least amount of work and time, so that you leave yourself time for other things like reading, thinking, or doing whatever it is that makes you happy. In one statement Thoreau says â€Å"Most men appear never to have considered what a house is, and are actually though needlessly poor all their lives because they think that they must have such a one as their neighbors have.† Henry David makes a point of laying before his readers several levels that he wants his readers to think about. These levels include intellectual, spiritual, and emotional levels. In dealing with the intellectual level, Thoreau talks about how he economizes his time so that he has plenty of it to spend on thinking and writing. The spiritual level does not concern God really, but rather making a connection with oneself and the physical world around that person, whether it is with human interaction or with Nature. The emotional level Thoreau talks about deals mostly with coming to terms with oneself and bel... Free Essays on Henry David Thoreau And â€Å"Walden† Free Essays on Henry David Thoreau And â€Å"Walden† Henry David Thoreau writes â€Å"Walden† with the intention of arousing emotion and making his fellow men and readers aware of themselves and the world that surrounds them. He wants to reach us on a number of different levels. He wants to reach his readers on a spiritual, emotional, and intellectual level. He wants to wake up his fellow readers and ignite their consciousness. He does this by focusing on trends and beliefs that he finds in Concord in his time, that ironically are very telling of our time. Thoreau focuses on the mainstream idea of the â€Å"American Dream† and openly criticizes it and its impact on society. Thoreau tells us that the less we have the better off we will be. He tells the audience that wealth only hinders one as a person because it traps that person into a sort of inverse ownership. For example, he begins talking about shelter. Thoreau recognizes that a person needs shelter and so they must seek a shelter that requires the least amount of work and time, so that you leave yourself time for other things like reading, thinking, or doing whatever it is that makes you happy. In one statement Thoreau says â€Å"Most men appear never to have considered what a house is, and are actually though needlessly poor all their lives because they think that they must have such a one as their neighbors have.† Henry David makes a point of laying before his readers several levels that he wants his readers to think about. These levels include intellectual, spiritual, and emotional levels. In dealing with the intellectual level, Thoreau talks about how he economizes his time so that he has plenty of it to spend on thinking and writing. The spiritual level does not concern God really, but rather making a connection with oneself and the physical world around that person, whether it is with human interaction or with Nature. The emotional level Thoreau talks about deals mostly with coming to terms with oneself and bel...

Informal Objective Summaries Ethics, the Cold War, Vietnam Essay

Informal Objective Summaries Ethics, the Cold War, Vietnam - Essay Example He asserts that Christians should pray and have faith and hope of winning. He goes further to explain that this is because we are the cause of war. He claims that it is the hatred in our own selves that makes us to fight. We fight because our hatred is so big that we cannot note, but see the little hatred in others. We use others as scapegoats and invest all our evil in them and, therefore, think that once we fight these scapegoats we will be liberated. However, deep in the article, Morton gets into the social cultural perspective and condemns the society for its failures in protecting those who had good intentions for the society. He says that the society instead criticizes them for their failures in some cases blaming them for the happenings. He says the power of God can be the solution since as much as we do not trust in one another we all trust in Gods being and we should not condemn but love all carefully (Merton, 1962). Roy Arundhat argues from social/ cultural perspective. â⠂¬Å"Drinking wine and preaching water†, a phrase commonly used to refer to hypocritical acts, is what Arundhat Roy indirectly meant by saying girls are boys and boys are girls in reference to America particularly the war with Iraq and the Taliban terrorists. This is particularly because before the war, the then American president said America was a peaceful country that had its own fundamental values and could not accept evil, violence, and murderers. Roy’s argument here is that, if for real America rejected violence, war, and evil they should have not gone to wars in the first place for war is an act of all. He goes further to list the other twenty nations that America has been involved in war with since world war two to emphasize this. Roy pinpoints some of the reasons why he opposes the war by fast saying that acts of terrorism should be condemned including the September 11th bombing. However, he notes that the methods used to respond (attacking the Taliban) in Iraq and hurting thousands of innocent people including women and children was not right. Roy point out that this has adversely affected the world’s economic status beginning with the instability of many countries economy because of the oil from the middle east which was affected by the war (Iraq) (Arundhat, 2001). Model of excellence or perfection of a kind; one having no equal or one who has been declared so (Saint) by canonization are the simple definitions or what we think of once we hear a person be referred to as a Saint. A peacemaker can be compared to a saint. He should be compared to a saint because of taking the risk to ensure that people live in harmony. Peacemaking is not an easy act and sometimes one has to create peace by ignoring what a war can do to him or her. In this context, we can use the example of Thomas Merton who gave an example of those who have good intentions for the society, but if they fail, they are condemned. Therefore, a peacemaker takes the risk de spite knowing the risks in case of failure and stands in to see a good course for the society. Secondly, a peacemaker should be compared to a saint since every war is different or special in its own right and brings different challenges that must be overcome by a peacemaker. This is a role that can be played by a few people because of the risks and dangers involved in it. Therefore, one who stands in as a peacemaker does something extra ordinary (has no equal) or special,

The Emerald Forest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Emerald Forest - Essay Example This cleaning of forests angered the tribes living in the forests known as the Invisible people and The Fierce People (â€Å"The Emerald Forest†). The story gets its real essence when one-day Markhem takes his family for a tour of the forest and his son Tommy gets abducted by the Invisible people (â€Å"The Emerald Forest†). The invisible people are environmental friendly people, who are very close to nature considering it as their friend and living happily in their forest in their own community unless Markhem comes to destroy their peace and take away their home (â€Å"The Emerald Forest†). They kidnap his son because they assume that Westerners or termites as they call them are the destroyers of the world, but the child is innocent and so should not live with these murderers. Tommy is adopted by the chief of the tribe Wanadi who loves and brings him up as his son. Markhem searches a lot for Tommy but does not find him until after ten years when Tommy rescues hi m while fleeing for his life from the Fierce People (â€Å"The Emerald Forest†). Markhem asks Tommy to return to him and his world but Tommy refuses and says that now his world is this forest and his people are his tribe. Markhem even asks their chief Wanadi, who is the authority of the Invisible People to convince Tommy to return but Wanadi says that â€Å"If I tell a man to do what he does not want to do, I may no longer be the chief.† Meaning that even being the authority there he has no right to force people to do something they don’t want to do.... The chief does not give any command or order to his people, not even his son to follow, rather he understands that it is the basic right of every human being to follow his will and wish (â€Å"Proyect†). However in the modern western world, lives of humans are ruled by orders and commandments given sometimes by their parents, sometimes by teachers, later by their employees, and overall by the governments, policemen etc (â€Å"Proyect†). It was not just that there was a wide gap between the authority structures of these two societies but their entire life style, culture, norms, traditions etc all were opposite. The people of the traditional societies still use artillery, spears and arrows to fight and they walk to cover long distances (â€Å"The Emerald Forest†). The use of technology is very limited or almost nonexistent in their lives as they are closer to nature and lives together. In contrast to them, modern western society uses technology to a large extent (à ¢â‚¬Å"The Emerald Forest†). There are modern methods of fighting like machine guns and bombs, aero planes, railways cars etc to travel to far away distances in just hours, large machines are used for construction and to cut off forests. This advancement in technology has both its benefits and costs (â€Å"The Emerald Forest†). With technology comes the easiness to do things and time gets saved in travelling. As Wanadi says to Markhem â€Å"When I was a boy, the edges of the world was very far away, but it comes closer each year.† However with benefits comes the cost too. As more vehicles are produced, so have the pollution from air, land and water increased as well (â€Å"The Emerald Forest†). This pollution is destroying our respiratory system by going inside us

Group Work and Language Learning

Group Work and Language Learning Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1. Introduction This chapter consists of the rationale behind my decision of having the thesis subject, and the way I found out the problem that my first year students have in speaking activities. Finally, they are the scope; the objectives, research questions, methods and design of this study are also begun. 1.2. Rationale In recent years, English has been considered one of some important subjects and a compulsory one for Vietnamese students. Better English, better careers was the answer given by many of them when they told about their purpose of learning this language. In their daily life, it cant be denied that this international language may help them prepare better for their career in the future because it does not only equip learners with a necessary source of information of social and culture knowledge but also gives them up-to-date information concerning a different issues in our society nowadays. Especially, our countrys recent regional and global participation has been increasing the demand for English speaking people, who are wanted to communicate with the outside world and access up- to- date technology. Vietnamese students are creative however there are many problems facing them when they speak this language, especially the first year students at HUBT. Among them, the problem of oral communication seems to be the most serious one. Teaching this language has been had necessary help from educators but having the best appropriate teaching method which may meet the need of the education and the society is still considered a big question for teachers of English in Vietnam. There have been some important changes in the teaching and learning this language in recent years because of big efforts from many international organizations and educational projects. Different modern approaches, techniques and methods on the teaching of this language have been applied in many universities, colleges and high schools. Generations of teachers of English are trying their best to have the best result in their career and in the classrooms contexts. 1.3. Finding out the problem. During learning English, speaking skill is one of the most necessary ones that can help students have a better job. For many years in teaching, teachers may know that learners would like to speak but they feel they have not enough confidence. As a fact they can think that, this language is not easy so they are not interested in learning, especially in speaking. This action research study of how to promote learners speaking through group work activities is very good because that may also give students more opportunities to improve other skill better. According to Richards (2000, p3): Employers too insist their employees have good English language skills and fluency in English is a prerequisite for success and advancement in many fields of employment in todays world. Focusing on English learners communication skills is an important idea to help them make progress in speaking. Wongsuwana (2006, p 44) shows that speech could be trained and it does not depend on talent anymore or talent is not the most important thing. In addition, Edge (1993, p17) points out the importance of communication that communication is at the heart of modern English Language Teaching, the part of the learning process and the goal of language teaching. However, most students do not have enough opportunities to speak English in an English environment that is why speaking this language has not had the best result. The first year students are from different areas in Vietnam. Maybe they were good at grammar but they have a lot of difficulties in speaking. They feel shy when they speak because they did not have a lot of chances to practice English in communication or for interaction in their daily life. Students from rural areas, sometimes had worse speaking skills than those from big cities. During speaking lessons, the strong students are very confident and the weak ones are afraid of speaking. Therefore, it is necessary to find out some solutions to this problem that the first year students have more chances to communicate with each other as well as to speak to each other in a so-called close-to-real English speaking condition. One of the strategies that reflects the principle of learner centeredness is group work. According to Nuna n and Lamb (1996, p, 142) group work is designed as any classroom activity in which learners perform collaborative tasks with one or more speakers. It has been considered one of the main changes to the dynamics of classroom interaction wrought by students-centered teaching. Moreover this speaking activity is able to increase the amount of active speaking and listening undertaken by all the learners in the language class. Conclusively, group work is the best way to have success in learner centered approach. This kind of speaking activities has had more and more emphasis in language classroom and it is used in encouraging learners oral practice. Participating in group, learners can join actively in the learning process. They do not have to sit passively and listen to their teacher. For all the above good points, it is willing for me to propose Group work as an approach to improving speaking skills for the first year non- major students of English at HUBT as the subject of this study. 1.4. Scope of the study. This study was taken place with the first year students who were learning English as a normal subject. Maybe, the study could not cover all the problems 1st students dealt with in using group work because it was limited to the investigation of learners attitudes towards group work, the level of learners participation in group activities 1.5 Objective of the study. There have been many studies on the spoken English teaching group work so far. Therefore, this study does not claim to introduce a new way of English teaching method. The main objective of the study is for the benefits of the learners, and the study will be a source of materials for teachers of English on the teaching of speaking skill, who consider group work as one of some important educational ways to help students speak better. To be more specific, the main objective is: To investigate the effects of group work on students speaking skill and its results. With this objective, the research questions are: 1. What are the learners attitudes towards group work? 2. What are the effects of group work on learners speaking skills? 1.6. Organization of the study The study consists of 5 main chapters: Introduction, Literature review, Methodology, Finding and discussion, and the last one is Conclusion. Chapter 2: Literature review This chapter presents major issues that relate to the theory of communicative learning in general and in language teaching in particular. The main features are taken into consideration, the concepts related to the study including the communication language teaching and the teaching of speaking skill, the definition of group work. Finally, they are benefits of group work. 2.1. Definition of Communicate language teaching and the teaching of speaking skill CLT is the latest influence on language teaching in Vietnamese education. CLT is considered as a broad approach to teach and results from a focus on communication as the organizing principle for the teaching rather than a focus on mastering of grammatical system of the language. Many different of CLT have been provided so far so it is not easy to show which a standard one is. Byrne (1981, p71) shows that the communicative approach allows many interactive oral activities in the classroom. Learners learn to use the English language, not English usages, to speak better in communication. They participate in group work (including of more than 2 students), play their own roles to speak to others, who have the same role, so each of them make intentional utterances that can help them have the best result and reach their goal in the shortest time. Learners are introduced to clear targets by their teacher and teachers may create communicative conditions, go round, and participate in the activities to help their students. Nunan (1989, p94) points out the approach which consists of aspects common to some definitions of CLT: CTL review language as a system for the expression of meaning. Activities involve oral communication, carrying out meaning tasks and using language, which is meaningful to the learners. Objectives reflect the needs of the learners. They consist of functional skills as well as linguistic objectives. The learners role is as a negotiator and integrator. The teacher role is as a facilitator of the communication process. Materials promote communicative language use; they are task based authentic. This definition shows a clear view of understanding and explaining language acquisition. It is socially constructed and may be effect when exploiting to teach language speaking. In communication, speaking plays an important role. The nature of speaking, both the element of pronunciation and connected speech, and the pragmatic aspects, has been discussed to examine by some well- known scholars and linguists. Brown (1994, p256 ) shows many of the characteristics such as the reduced forms, the stress, rhythm and intonation, the clustering, the colloquialism, the affective factors and the interaction, that could make oral performance not easy. From these writers support, it is easy to realize that the good results of communication consist of many features. They are the ability to articulate phonological ones of the language, the suitable degree of fluency, the mastery of stress intonation patterns, rhythm and etc 1. The development of CLT has had implications, which are necessary for students to develop their speaking ability through cooperative learning. Moreover, it gives students many chances to speak the language with appropriate learning conditions. 2.2. Group work 2.2.1. Definitions of group work. Group work is considered one of the important factors to improve learners communication. Different individuals have developed many approaches to group work over the last time. Group work is defined by Johnson, Johnson and Smith (1991, p15) as group work, in language class, is a co- operative activity, during which students share aims and responsibilities to complete a task assigned by the teacher in groups or in pair. It is said that, in group work, students learn to listen to different ideas, learn to discuss and to negotiate. They take part in equally and sometimes they feel comfortable to experiment and speak the language. Every member has more opportunities for independence and they can have some learning decisions. David (1993) shows that group work activity consists of three general types. The first one is informal learning group. The second one is formal learning group. The last one is the study teams. From these definitions of group type, the first one is more suitable for the term group work activities described in this study. This means that learners are required to have small groups from 3 or more members to work on a speaking task. 2.2.2. Benefits of using group work activities in language teaching. There are many sorts of activities in speaking lesson. They are discussions, dialogues, etc. These activities are often used in group work and have a lot of advantages. Firstly, students responsibility and autonomy are promoted through group work activities. All students work together, share their ideas, and always want to reach the goal in group activities. In addition, one of their main tasks is being in charge of their group activities. Every learner is in charge of his own and each others speaking, so there is a friendly help and high personal interdependence between them. Doff states: Group work and pair wok encourage students to share ideas knowledge. In a reading activity, students can help each other to explore the meaning of a text, in a discussion activity; students can give each other new ideas. (Doff, 1988). Secondly, learners participation, talking time and oral fluency are improved through group. As for Ur (1996, p 232), students can have a learning task during small interaction in group work and it is considered as a kind of their activation and is very valuable for practicing of fluency in speaking. There are 5 groups in a class; students can get 5 times as some chance to speak as in a big class. Finally, the students motivation is improved through group work activities. . Group-work activity can allow participants to use the language. Moreover, it is one of the most effective ways to motivate participants to become more involved. Richards and Loc Khart (1994) point out that, students not only play more active roles in the learning process but also get the benefits of sharing ideas with their team member through taking part in groups. Doff (1988, p141) states students fell less anxiety when they are privately than when they are on shown in front of the whole class. Pair work and group-work can help shy students, who would never say anything in a whole class activity The source of benefits of group-work can be seen in many different fields, consists of improving students speaking skill. In the best group-work activity in a language classroom, the participants of a learning group can benefit in several ways. By dividing the class into group, a new social context in created whereby learners get the opportunity to share individual cognitions with their group mates and decide on a conclusion based on the sum of these cognitions. In general, group work has had a lot of emphasis in language classroom and its activities are taken place in some ways of the second language instructions, especially in encouraging learners face to face practice. However, group activities still have got many problems when some students control the group a lot and make others uncomfortable, so how to organize group work effectively is the big question for educators and language teachers, who consider group wok as one of the best ways to improve students speaking skill. Chapter 3: Methodology. Chapter 3 presents the methodology of the study. The methods used in this study includes both quantitative and qualitative. 3.1. Research design. There have been many methods provided to be used in the way of applied linguistics. They are experimental method, case study but Action Research was chosen in this study because it includes many advantages and it is one of the most effective ways to obtain more objective and reliable information, including observation and interview. 3.2 Participants. The students were in the last term (or second term) of the first year at the University. They are in class KT 1421, Account Department, and learned in a small sized class of 25 ones, including 15 girls and 10 boys. Each class has one private room to study and they attend 10 class hours of English in a week. They are from 18 to 19 years old. Some of them, especially students from big cities, studied English at high school for 7 years, and others, who come from different provinces, finished this language for only 3 years. Although their English knowledge was not the same, they have to study the same level Elementary at University. 3.2 The procedures of the study. 3.2.1 Problem identification During organizing group work activities, due to my experience in teaching and a lot of discussions between me and my first year students, I found out a problem: students lack of interest in participating in group work activities so this speaking activity has not had the best result. 3.2.2 Collecting data To clarify the problem, a student interview was chosen because it has many advantages. Nunan (1987, p150) states it gives the interviewee a degree of power and control over the course of interviewer a great deal of flexibility. The purpose of the interview was to get students opinions about group work activities and the causes of this problem. The interviewer is a teacher of English- a researcher of this study. The interviewees are 6 students from 3 groups which were divided by the researcher. The first group is a weak one, consisting of unconfident students. They are very shy and sometimes lazy with speaking activities. The students in this group were quite and passive, they seemed to keep silent and listen to other team members most of the time. They are 8 students, and often got bad mark (mark 5 or 4) in a pre- test speaking. The second one is a strong group, including dynamic, enthusiastic and hard working students in the study (9 out of 25 students). Most of them were really active and talkative and dominant in group activities. In last test speaking, they got good mark (mark 7.5, 8 and 9).They are always successful in every speaking activity The last group consists of students, whose performance at speaking lesson, especially group work activities is indifferent. Maybe they are not lazy but they are lack of English speaking skill. They shared 33 % (8 students in the class). Mark 6 or 6.5. They do not make noise in the class but their result in studying is not always excellent. 3.2.3. Analyzing data. The information collected from the interview will be discussed in detailed in section 4.1- the initial 3.2.4. Planning action Basing on the findings from the initial data, the solution chosen is to rearrange students seats in group work activities and reconsider the way of teaching. More details will showed in 4.2.2 3.2.5. Implementing the action plan The action plan implementation lasted during 3 weeks, with the participations of the teacher and 25 students in class Kt 1421. 3.2.6 Collecting post- data. Attitude interview was used to collect data in order to find out where group work activities improve their speaking skill. Moreover, I would like to discover the students attitudes towards this speaking activity. 3.2.7 Analyzingpost data This action was evaluated on the results collected from the post data. Some recommendations for other research were presented from the results of the action research. An interview was chosen as a data collection instrument for this study.. The interview was designed by the teacher, based on information I would like to find. The students interview consisted of 5 questions. (See appendix 1). In order to help interviewees understand all the questions clearly, 5 questions were translated into Vietnamese. Chapter 4: Result and discussions This chapter provides the results of the action research. The presentation consists of the description of the initial result from the interview, the information on the findings from this result. 4.1. Initial data. 4.1.1 Results from pre-students interview. Question 1: The students self assessment of their English speaking skill in group work activities. Most of the students (4 out of 6) admitted that their speaking skill in group works discussions was bad, even very bad. They found it very complicated .Only one third (2 out of 6 students) started that the speaking skill was not a big problem in their English learning. Question 2: Students interest in taking part in group work activities. Question 2 asked students if they liked to participate in group work activities. Students answers showed that a majority (4 out of 6) said no to the question. They are from the first and the last group. In their opinions, they would like to have more help from their classmates, whose English is better than their because they are lack of speaking skill and afraid of asking their teacher a lot. Only one third of students (2 out of 6) expressed that they are interested in this speaking activity because it allows them have more opportunities to practice in English. Question 3: Difficulties of learners while participating. Question 3 aimed to collect difficulties the students had to deal with while taking part in group work activities. Two students from the weak group complained that they had a lot of difficulties and the most difficult one is without a leader team. They did not know what to say, how to start and express their ideas, their opinions in English with a topic in discussions. Two other students from the last group mentioned that they had too much difficulty. They often could not understand clearly all the noun phrases and expressions when their teacher taught and explained in English. That was the main reason that they often spent time chatting or reading funny stories and made noise in the class. Other members English level is the same so they would like to have a chance in their sitting in group work activities. Only one third (2 out of 6),who are very confident and independent in studying, started that they did not have any difficulties in every group work speaking activity but sometime they were not satisfied when there was too much noise from the weak group.. Question 4: Learners attitude towards teachers monitoring their seats in group work activities. As can been seen in questions result, a majority students were looking forward to it (4 out of 6). They are from group one and three. One student from the strong one was not ready to accept that. She was afraid that, she is willing to help team mates but she would spend too much time explaining lessons for the weak ones in the team. The last student from the strong group had positive attitude towards changing their seats. Question 5: Learners opinion kids of team member they like to work with. Six interviewees had the same opinion that they do not care of this. 4.1.2. Finding from the initial data As can be seen from the data analysis from students interview, the first year students would like to take part in group work activities until there will be some chances in organizing, especially their seats, and team members. Most of them, especially from the first and the last group are looking forward to this. In addition to this, I try to explain lessons more clearly to help students understand better. In order to overcome these problems, I should think about how to arrange group work activities that they can work effectively and better and what to do to make the activities been done properly. When organizing group work, the first point should be taken into consideration is the selection of group work member. The students always sit in the same place since it means that they will always be in the same group, which can give rise to boredom over a prolonged period. From the identification of this problem mentioned above, the following hypothesis was chosen: If the teacher rearranges students seats in group work activities and changes something in the way of teaching, students will be full of interest in participating in group work activities, and their speaking skill will be better. 4.2. Action Plan The action plan was conducted to check the chosen hypothesis and more importantly to give the answer to the 2 Research Questions. The action implementation was taken place for 3 weeks, during 6 class hours of English with these steps: The first, students are not allowed to choose their partners or group mates because this happened in the first term and better students often sat together and so did the weak ones. Participants are in mixed ability group, consisting 4 members. A group should have a mixture of a weaker and a stronger student since the more able students can help their less fluent or knowledgeable friends, the process of helping will such strong students to understand more about the language themselves. Secondly, I had better to take some important things into my consideration to overcome these problems mentioned above such as instructions, monitoring. Presenting the activity to the class will be a major in its success. Therefore, it is a good idea for me to keep instruction simply and if necessary can use the mother tongue, however I also should try to use English as much as possible because both explaining and evaluating activities is a very real use of language in a classroom situation. Providing many examples and giving the learners a trial run are usually good ideas. Moreover, when activities are in progress, my main task is to move around the class and to listen in directly in order to find out how the participants are getting on well. I think, I should not correct students mistakes of language during a group activity but I should make a note of them and use them as the basis of feedback. The participants should be told that the teacher is available for consultation if they ne ed During 6 class hours, students in 3 groups were divided in different groups with separated roles. The students from the weak one had help from new group members, seemed to take part in discussions actively and the strong ones had opportunities to help their friends. They discussed together positively with their opinions. Post-interview was used to collect post- data after the action plan finished. The five pre-interview questions were used again. Result from post-interview Students problems Pre-action Post-action Noise from weak group 2 0 Fear of speaking 4 2 Low participation 2 0 Use of mother tongue 2 0 Difficulty in understanding lessons 4 1 Arrange their seats in group work activities 4 0 It is clear from the pre-interview results that most students problems have been reduced. There was not noise in group work activities. Only two students from the weak group were still shy when they spoke. They used to keep silent during group work activities, but now their participation is not low. They started to have ideas in groups discussions. Four students from the first and the last group complained about their difficulties in participating. After 3 weeks, they had a little one because of rearranging their seats and having a leader team. It is very helpful for them to speak English better. Most of students are interested in their new seat Chapter 5: Conclusion 5.1. Summary of the study It is not a new idea to use group work activities in improving learners speaking ability. In many educators opinions, this speaking ability no doubt gives big and necessary benefits not only teachers but also learners. In this study, the effects of group work on the students participation and achievement have been shown and learners attitude towards this speaking activity bas been investigated. The study has presented many good results through regards to quantitative and qualitative analysis. The first, a lot of students as the participants in the research expressed their interest in taking part in group work activities. The second, through the implementation of this research, the stronger and friendlier relationship between team members has been proved. Most of the students showed that their speaking skills in English were developed and improved significantly. Therefore this research helped me and my colleagues have more chances to know students weaknesses and strengths during their participating as well as their desires, feelings, difficulties and expectations revealed through their roles. It is valuable source of personal information for teacher to know and helps the teacher adjust and strengthen her role as a facilitator, an educator and a teacher in classroom activities. The increasing quantity of learners interaction in the post- group work activities support the opinion that a lot of students in a group worked more effectively with each other in order to reach the goal of the group by the way they asked question, responded others, clarified and explained opinions and ideas to team members. The weak students were more confident when they asked for help from better members in the group as the participants were willing and ready to help. Moreover they felt comfortable to encourage the weak ones to participate in practicing group work activities as the good students find out that through doing these things, their oral communication skills and many other academic skills, for example level thinking skill, critical thinking skill to explain evaluate , discuss, formulate ideahave been improved. Using group work effectively can help students become more independent, confident and responsible. This is very good because they can have and use many suitable lea rning strategies in their studying for a long time. 5.2. Limitations of the study and suggestions for further studies. This action was made to improve teaching and learning in group work activities. Like many action research, obviously it has limitations. Firstly, the finding could not be generalized and should be interpreted with caution by using to other contexts. Secondly, the participants are only the first year students not the second or third ones, who have more experience in learning English and in taking part in a teamwork. Moreover, only the way to develop speaking skill is showed while group work activities could be used to teaching other integrated skill for students such as listening, writing, reading and of course, speaking. 5.3. Pedagogical implications of the study English lessons are considered good opportunities to practice this language. Students can have help from their teachers and their classmates. Moreover, to encourage students on the initial trying of studying and improving their practicing English, teachers of English may supply some investment to organize and use the program on a bigger scale such as student-organized English speaking clubs, English students newspaper that provide necessary experience in learning this language, important knowledge and main skill to learn English better. In addition, when organizing group work activities, these important factors should be taken into consideration: setting up a group work activity, managing group work effectively, organizing group successfully. Further more, the realization of this study has showed the orientation and showed the practicality of using group work in teaching English in Vietnamese education, especially in university context, where a lot of teachers use traditional approach and students depend on them a lot. Group work activities are very important and necessary for Vietnamese students, especially the first year students, who have finished high school, where teachers use traditional methods of teaching English a lot. Participating in group work activities can help them improve their independent working, have more critical thinking skills. REFERENCES: Byrne, D (1981). Communication in the classroom. England: Longman.

Functions of Management Essay examples -- Business Management Managing

Functions of Management   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is not easy to manage an organization. It takes more than just business sense to know what you are doing when it comes to management procedures. There are a few strategies that can ensure the success of a business organization, but before you can determine those strategies, you have to know the four functions. The functions of management discussed in this paper will be planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. This paper will also give examples of how I apply these functions of management in my own personal organization.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Let me begin by stating, working for any company you begin to realize people are proud to work for companies that treat them well. They become connected to companies in more than an employer/employee relationship; they come to feel as if they are truly a part of an organization; not just one of the employees. Companies which are expanding to the global market will need even more to make all the positive contributions to ensure employees feel more than just workers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Management takes planning the first function of management. Planning is determining what you want to accomplish, working out ahead how it is to be done, deciding who will be responsible for each step, and having every phase written down. Good management applies the steps of good planning to each part of the organization. To achieve good planning results without any problems, goals and objectives should be set. From these dec...

Provide Displays in Schools Essay

1.1 Describe the school policy for displays Our school policy for displays is quite dated and maybe updated soon. It describes why we have displays in school and how this impacts on the children. There is a section on organising and actively involving children in the displayed work. We have no rules on backing or mounting. It is left to whoever is doing the display to pick and choose their colours and mounts. We are asked to take care as to how we secure items on the display (we don’t like drawing pins) and to keep in the restraints of finance. Different class are allocated different areas of the school for their displays. We can put up wall displays, table top and shelve displays. We can make mobiles to display work. 1.2 Describe the importance and purposes of displays in schools. Displaying pupils work is a powerful way of showing them that their work is valued. It creates a sense of achievement. It can very much boost pupil motivation. They should praise effort as well as perfect work. It should be that there is a piece of work by every child on display somewhere. Displays can be used to communicate to others what the class is doing. This can include other students from different classes, other teachers, official school visitors, parents and members of the community. 1.3 Describe how displays are used in the learning process. Displays can be simply decorative. They can make the classroom brighter, and a more interesting and stimulating place. This, in itself, can have a direct impact on pupil motivation and therefore on pupil learning. Display materials can include direct teaching aids such as anatomical models or number lines. They can use useful reference material to support pupil learning or information that is important for students to memorise such as number tables, formula’s, spellings and other important factual information. Display materials can include supplementary teaching aids that simply enrich or reinforce what is being taught, helping to bring a subject ‘to life’. If a foreign country was being studied as part of ‘geography’, a display might include pictures of people and their costumes, famous landmarks, and so on. Displays can be used to ‘set the scene’ for a new teaching topic. They can form the central base of a piece of class work or a topic; they can be a means of recording work that has been done. For example, the title of a display might be ‘What we did in Science. Displays can be part of some on-going work such as an aquarium with tadpoles may be studied and their growth monitored and recorded on graphs to form part of the display. A nature table is another example of a display to create interest. Displays can be used to promote class management. They can include lists of routines, responsibilities, tasks and rules. They can include directions, labels and instructions. They can be used to form part of record keeping. They can be used to record pupil and class progress or topics covered. Student awards, such as ‘star of the day’ and house points can be displayed 1.4 Describe the requirements and procedures for carrying out a risk assessment for displays. There are no procedures printed out in the school policy for risk assessments. They are things you should watch out for especially when working at any height. Staff are instructed not to climb on chairs, tables or other furniture to access display boards. Consider the weight, shape or size of the display when working from a step ladder. Areas where ladders or other access equipment is to be clearly defined by use of signs and barriers if necessary. We have kick step style stools in school. Make sure equipment use is safe. We are encouraged to wear appropriate footwear, on or low healed with non-slip soles. Prepare displays as far as possible before putting them up. Do not work above pupils. Try and work with someone else if possible. Use a staple remover and not scissors or a knife. Ensure you clear up completely when you have finished.

The Most Dangerous Game The Hunters and the Hunted

The Most Dangerous Game: The Hunters and the Hunted Richard Connell’s short story, The Most Dangerous Game, tells the story of a famous hunter named Rainsford, who falls off of a yacht and swims to an island called Ship-Trap Island. While on Ship Trap Island, Rainsford encounters a man named General Zaroff, who began hunting humans on the island after becoming bored of hunting animals. One night, Zaroff announces to Rainsford that he will be the next victim in his hunting game. Zaroff informs Rainsford that if he manages to survive for three days without being killed, then he can leave the island. Throughout the plot of this short story, there is a consistent theme of the world being composed of two classes of people: the hunters and the hunted. General Zaroff and Rainsford both find themselves to be divided into this class system, at various times during the hunting game. In this short story, Connell uses foreshadowing to portray the idea that there are two classes of people in the world: the hunters and the hunted, in relation to Rainsford and Zaroff. The theme of the hunters and the hunted is conveyed throughout this short story. At the beginning of this story, Rainsford says to his friend Whitney, â€Å"The world is made up of two classes-the hunters and the hunted† (Connell 40). This quotation sets a path for the rest of the story, as almost everything from the short story reflects upon this idea. From Rainsford’s point of view, his life only revolves around hunting. HeShow MoreRelatedThe Hunter Becomes the Hunted in The Most Dangerous Game by Richard Connell 683 Words   |  3 Pagesfeel pity for your prey? Is it the fact your prey feels pain? Or is it just that you’re stronger and they’re weaker so it doesn’t matter. 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